Methylcobalamin capsule and tablet  research for brain B12

Methylcobalamin is one of the two coenzyme forms of vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin). Vitamin B12 plays an important role in red blood cells, methylation reactions, and immune system regulation. Evidence indicates methylcobalamin has some metabolic and therapeutic applications not shared by the other forms of vitamin B12. Methylcobalamin is available at Physician Formulas. Those on a vegetarian diet should take a methylcobalamin supplement.

Methylcobalamin supplements increase alertness and body temperature.
May slightly help those with diabetic neuropathy. A better nutrient for this condition is Lipoic Acid.
Methylcobalamin has been found to be helpful in Bell's palsy.
Lowers levels of homocysteine. Methylcobalamin is the coenzymatically active form of vitamin B12 that acts as a cofactor for methionine synthase in the conversion of homocysteine to methionine.
Methylcobalamin taken orally is effective in the treatment of pernicious anemia, says a Japanese study.
May inhibit the ototoxic (hearing damage) side effects of the antibiotic gentamicin.

Methylcobalamin vs Cyanocobalamin
Q. Which is the better B12 vitamin, methylcobalamin or cyanocobalamin?
   A. We have not seen long term comparisons between these two types of vitamin B12 supplements, so we can't say for sure. For practical purposes, they are both fine.

ALS
Clinical trials of ultra-high-dose methylcobalamin in ALS
Brain Nerve. 2007 October. Izumi Y, Kaji R. Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Health Bioscience, The University of Tokushima, Graduate School, 50-1 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting both upper and lower motor neurons. Weakness may begin in the legs, hands, proximal arms, or pharynx. The course is relentless and progressive without remissions, relapses, or even stable plateaus. A vitamin B12 analog, methylcobalamin, has a protective effect on cultured cortical neurons against glutamate-induced cytotoxicity. We have shown the ultra-high-dose methylcobalamin (25 mg/day i.m.) slows down the progressive reduction of the CMAP (compound muscle action potential) amplitudes in ALS in the short term (4 weeks). The latencies of SSR (sympathetic skin response) were shorter after treatment (50 mg/day i.v., 2 weeks). In the long-term effect of methylcobalamin (50 mg/day i.m., twice a week), the survival time (or the period to become respirator-bound) was significantly longer in the treated group than in the untreated. Larger-scale randomized double blind trial was started in Japan in order to evaluate the long-term efficacy and the safety of ultra-high-dose methylcobalamin for sporadic or familial cases of ALS.

Homocysteine
Methylcobalamin treatment alone can decrease homocysteine level but methylcobalamin and folic acid combination therapy is much more effective.

Safety of methylcobalamin. Is methylcobalamin safe in high dosages?
Short term use of high dose methylcobalamin does not appear to cause any serious side effects or lead to safety concerns. Long term use (several years) of methylcobalamin in very high dosages needs to be evaluated.

Amelioration by mecobalamin of subclinical carpal tunnel syndrome involving unaffected limbs in stroke patients.
J Neurol Sci. 2005 April. Sato Y, Honda Y, Iwamoto J, Kanoko T, Satoh K. Department of Neurology, Mitate Hospital, 3237 Yugeta, Tagawa 826-0041, Japan.
In a randomized open label and prospective study of stroke patients, 67 received of 1500 mcg mecobalamin daily for 2 years. There were no methylcobalamin side effects. Oral mecobalamin treatment is a safe and potentially beneficial therapy for CTS in stroke patients.

Methylcobalamin Research Update
A variant of a lipid gene called APOE4 is known to increase the chances of a person developing Alzheimer's disease. A Swedish study has now shown that carriers of this gene are more vulnerable to the effects of low B12 levels on mental function in old age. Among healthy individuals over age 75, APOE4 carriers have more memory lapses when vitamin B12 falls below normal levels

Effects of vitamin B12 on performance and circadian rhythm in normal subjects.
Sleep Disorder Unit, Hephata Klinik, Schwatmstadt-Treysa, Germany.
Neuropsychopharmacology. 1996 Nov;15(5):456-64.
This preliminary study investigates effects of methyl- and cyanocobalamin on circadian rhythms, well-being, alertness, and concentration in healthy subjects. Six women (mean age 35 years) and 14 men (mean age 37 years) were randomly assigned to treatment for 14 days with 3 mg cyano-(CB12) or methylcobalamin after 9 days of pre-treatment observation. Levels in the CB12 group increased rapidly in the first, then slowly in the second treatment week, whereas increase in the MB12 group was linear. Urinary aMT6s excretion was reduced by both forms of vitamin B12 over 24 hours with a significant decrease between 0700-1100 hours, whereas urinary excretion of potassium was significantly increased between 0700-1100 hours. Activity from 2300-0700 hours increased significantly under both forms of vitamin B12. Sleep time was significantly reduced under methylcobalamin intake. In this group the change in the visual analogue scales items "sleep quality," "concentration," and "feeling refreshed" between pretreatment and the first week of treatment showed significant correlations with vitamin B12 plasma levels. Cortisol excretion and temperature were not affected by either medication. We conclude that vitamin B12 exerts a direct influence on melatonin. Only methylcobalamin has a positive psychotropic alerting effect with a distribution of the sleep-wake cycle toward sleep reduction.
methylcobalamin  research methylcobalamin for brain methylcobalamin B12

In some cases a vitamin B12 or methylcobalamin deficiency can lead to restless leg syndrome, a sleep disturbing condition.

Cobalamin analogues
Cobalamin analogues include 2-methyladenine, p-cresol, adenine, 2-(methylthio)adenine, 5-hydroxybenzimidazole , and phenol.

Methylcobalamin supplement emails
Q.  I'm 58yrs.old female. I have a Neurological Disorder of the Spinal Cord . It is progressive and no known cure It is called Syringomyelia. Syrinx is at C2-T8 Level. I see a naturopathic Doctor who has helped me in decreasing my pain. Now he has me taking methylcobalamine B12injections 1 and a 1/2 ml. 3 times a week. I've had 7 injections so far. Thank you for any info on your methylcobalamine B12 info.

Q. I have a question in regards to methylcobalamin supplement and its process to help people with neuropathy. I have read that this methylcobalamin supplement helps with the pain, burning, tingling of neuropathy but only in doses above 4000 mcg (even to the point of 12mg per day). Do you know of any research in this area to support this? Also, is taking methylcobalamin supplement
at this level (4mg) safe? What about at the 12 mg level. Are there any overdose concerns?
   A. There are various caused of neuropathy and methylcobalamin may only be helpful in a minority of cases due to vitamin B12 deficiency induced neuropathy. Short term use of methylcobalamin in high dosages appears to be safe, but the risks of long term methylcobalamin use for many years has not been fully evaluated.

Q. I just came across your site in regards to MB12, I was diagnosed with a low normal range for vitamin B12, was really having all types of problems, best described as verbal dyslexia, memory, to name just two, but one of the biggest being I can't sleep, I feel better when I take the MB12 I take subcutaneous injections about every third day. Do you believe MB12 could be decreasing the amount of sleep that I am able to get. I average at about 4 hours if I don't take anything maybe 5.5 max if I take an Ambien, I guess I feel ok, the verbal aspect has gotten better, I don't feel exhausted, tired at times, but I'm only 41 and starting to look a heck of a lot older due to the now permanent bags under my eyes.
   A. High dosages of certain vitamins, including B vitamins, can cause sleep disturbances. The best way to know is to temporarily stop the use of the MB12 or reduce the dosage.

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