Hops herb research and anxiety, will this help help you sleep better?

Hops is useful as a sleep inducer, has antioxidant activity, estrogen-like properties, and potential anti-tumor activity. Furthermore, compounds in hops reduce insulin resistance. This herb, either as a capsule or in tea form, can help you sleep better.

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Hops (flower)

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Hope as anti-inflammatory

Metagenics, Inc., a developer and manufacturer of medical foods and nutraceuticals sold through healthcare practitioners, announced the publication of a scientific paper, “Safety, efficacy and anti-inflammatory activity of rho iso-alpha-acids from hops,” in the May 2008 issue of Phytochemistry, the International Journal of Plant Chemistry, Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
Previous work by the Metagenics MetaProteomics nutrigenomics research center had identified a defined mixture of rho iso-alpha-acids (RIAA), a derivative of hops (Humulus lupulus L.), as a selective COX-2 inhibitor. The Phytochemistry paper summarizes the results of several new studies conducted by Metagenics evaluating the efficacy and safety of RIAA. Among the findings:
   Clinically, the hops extract rho iso-alpha-acids mixture produced a reduction in WOMAC Global scores (a standard measurement used to assess the symptoms of pain, stiffness and physical function), in patients exhibiting knee osteoarthritis.
   Rho iso-alpha-acids was shown to selectively inhibit the inducible (inflammatory) activity of COX-2 without affecting constitutive (housekeeping) COX-2 activity.
   According to Jeffrey S. Bland, PhD, Metagenics Chief Science Officer and President of MetaProteomics, “Based on our cumulative research, RIAA appears to have the potential to serve as a safe and efficacious option in some areas where specific COX-2 inhibitors have been traditionally used. We’re excited about the possibilities in helping millions of people who are looking for safer approaches for pain relief.”

Hops and Cancer
Extracts of several estrogenic herbs, including hops, black cohosh and vitex, inhibited growth of breast cancer cells. These in vitro results suggest that certain herbs and phytoestrogens may have potential in the prevention of breast cancer.

Six flavonoids from hops (Humulus lupulus) were tested for their antiproliferative activity in human breast cancer (MCF-7), colon cancer (HT-29) and ovarian cancer. All the hop flavonoids were cytotoxic in the three cell lines. As antiproliferative agents, chalcone and its (flavanone isomer may have potential chemopreventive activity against breast and ovarian cancer in humans.

A potent phytoestrogen in hops, 8-prenylnaringenin, has an activity greater than other established plant estrogens. The estrogenic activity of this compound was reflected in its relative binding affinity to estrogen receptors from rat uteri. The presence of 8-prenylnaringenin in hops may provide an explanation for the accounts of menstrual disturbances in female hop workers. This phytoestrogen can also be detected in beer, but the levels are low and should not pose any cause for concern.

Diabetes
Isohumulones, bitter acids derived from hops, activate both peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) alpha and gamma and reduce insulin resistance.

Hops phytoestrogen
A potent phytoestrogen in hops, 8-prenylnaringenin, has an activity greater than other established plant estrogens. The estrogenic activity of this compound was reflected in its relative binding affinity to estrogen receptors from rat uteri. The presence of 8-prenylnaringenin in hops may provide an explanation for the accounts of menstrual disturbances in female hop workers. This phytoestrogen can also be detected in beer, but the levels are low and should not pose any cause for concern.

Sleep
Valerian and hops are traditionally used as sleep-inducing herbs. When the chemical adenosine is released in the frontal basal cortex, sleep is induced. Valerian has an adenosine like action and supports the readiness to fall asleep. The control of the sleep-wake rhythm induces sleep when the time-related interaction is operating properly. The control is closely related to melatonin secretion. Hops act in a similar way to melatonin. Therefore there is benefit of a valerian and hops combination in inducing sleep. Melatonin pill is often used for better sleep and can be combined with herbal insomnia remedies.

Comparative study for assessing quality of life of patients with exogenous sleep disorders (temporary sleep onset and sleep interruption disorders) treated with a hops-valarian preparation and a benzodiazepine drug]
Schmitz M, Jackel M. Institut fur Psychosomatik, Wien.
Wien Med Wochenschr. 1998;148(13):291-8.
This randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial in parallel group design demonstrated equivalent efficacy and tolerability of a hop-valerian preparation compared with a benzodiazepine preparation in patients suffering from sleep disorders according to DSM-IV criteria. Sleep quality, fitness and quality of life were determined by psychometric tests, psychopathologic scales and sleep-questionnaires at the beginning of the therapy, end of therapy (duration 2 weeks) and then 1 week after cessation of therapy. The equivalence of both therapies according to sleep quality, fitness and quality of life was proven. The patients' state of health improved during therapy while showing a deterioration after cessation with both preparations. Withdrawal symptoms, however, were documented with benzodiazepine. Only one adverse drug reaction was reported during this study, namely stomach complaints from both the test and reference medication. This study shows that the investigated hop-valerian preparation in the appropriate dose is a sensible alternative to benzodiazepine for the treatment of nonchronic and non-psychiatric sleep disorders.

Hops Flowers Nature's Way
Hops (Humulus lupulus) is a perennial native British plant with a stout root. It has heart-shaped leaves and cone-like flowers. Romans ate the young shoots in the spring in the same way we do asparagus. Hops was first used by breweries in the Netherlands in the early fourteenth century. Hops has been used traditionally for nervous disorders.

Hops study Update
Isohumulones, bitter acids derived from hops, activate both peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) alpha and gamma and reduce insulin resistance.
Yajima H,. Kirin Brewery Co., Ltd, Yokohama, Yokohama 236-0004.
J Biol Chem. 2004 Jun 3
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are dietary lipid sensors that regulate fatty acid and carbohydrate metabolism. The hypolipidemic effects of fibrate drugs and the therapeutic benefits of the thiazolidinedione drugs are due to their activation of PPARs alpha and gamma, respectively. In this study, isohumulones, the bitter compounds derived from hops that are present in beer, were found to activate PPARs alpha and gamma in transient co-transfection studies. Among the three major isohumulone homologs, isohumulone and isocohumulone were found to activate PPARs alpha and gamma. Diabetic KK-A(y) mice that were treated with isohumulones (isohumulone and isocohumulone) showed reduced plasma glucose, triglyceride, and free fatty acid levels (65.3, 62.6, and 73.1%, respectively for isohumulone); similar reductions were found following treatment with the thiazolidinedione drug, pioglitazone. Isohumulone treatment did not result in significant body weight gain, though pioglitazone treatment did increase body weight. C57BL/6N mice fed a high fat diet that were treated with isohumulones showed improved glucose tolerance and reduced insulin resistance. Furthermore, these animals showed increased liver fatty acid oxidation and a decrease in size, and increase in apoptosis, of their hypertrophic adipocytes. A double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study for studying the effect of isohumulones on diabetes suggested that isohumulones significantly decreased blood glucose and hemoglobin A1c levels after eight weeks (by 10.1% and 6.4%, respectively, vs. week zero). These results suggest that isohumulones can improve insulin sensitivity in high fat diet-fed mice with insulin resistance and in patients with type 2 diabetes.

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